j2ee应用异常信息处理不当，可能导致的安全问题：敏感信息泄露及XSS!

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shine (shield) | 2013-01-22 14:35

//这个以前在空间里有简要说明过这个常见的小问题，也把它搬到乌云来放在一起，以后好找点！



  Java异常处理机制（Exception）简要说明：Java中它是由Trowable类的两个子类的两大部分组成，Error类和Exception类。Error是不推荐捕获的（请查看Java异常处理机制中Error与Exception的区别），而Exception类除了子类RuntimeException是不能被捕获，其他子类的异常必须捕获，简单来讲，就产生异常信息了。

  但Exception产生异常信息的过程有个特点，当发生异常时，异常抛给调用该函数的上一级函数，直到出现包含异常处理（catch）的层为止，这个给开发者在程序调试中带来很大的方便，能够快速定位问题所在等，看这段异常信息：



org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException: could not execute query; SQL [
          select AdContentId,ContentDesc,ContentType,ContentSize,ContentUrl
          from AAS_BIZ_AdContent
        where 1=1
                          and AdInfoId = ?
                                    and contentType = ?
                    order by AdInfoId ,ContentSize
     ]; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.DataException: could not execute query
  at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionFactoryUtils.convertHibernateAccessException(SessionFactoryUtils.java:642)
  at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateAccessor.convertHibernateAccessException(HibernateAccessor.java:412)
  at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.doExecute(HibernateTemplate.java:411)
  at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate.executeFind(HibernateTemplate.java:343)
  at com.suning.framework.dao.UniversalDaoHibernate.queryListBySql(UniversalDaoHibernate.java:567)
  at com.suning.framework.dao.UniversalDaoHibernate.queryListBySql(UniversalDaoHibernate.java:554)
  at com.suning.aas.ad.dao.hibernate.AdContentDaoHibernate.searchContent(AdContentDaoHibernate.java:40)
  at com.suning.aas.ad.logic.impl.AdInfoBizImpl.searchContent(AdInfoBizImpl.java:100)
  at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor267.invoke(Unknown Source)
  at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:600)
  at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:309)
  at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:183)
  at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:149)
  at com.suning.framework.template.ServiceInterceptor.invoke(ServiceInterceptor.java:86)
  at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
  at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:202)
  at $Proxy53.searchContent(Unknown Source)
  at com.suning.aas.portal.adsearch.action.ChannelAdAction.orderPage(ChannelAdAction.java:152)
  at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor358.invoke(Unknown Source)
  at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:600)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeAction(DefaultActionInvocation.java:441)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invokeActionOnly(DefaultActionInvocation.java:280)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:243)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.validator.ValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(ValidationInterceptor.java:252)
  at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.AnnotationValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(AnnotationValidationInterceptor.java:68)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:87)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ConversionErrorInterceptor.intercept(ConversionErrorInterceptor.java:122)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:195)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:87)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:195)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:87)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.StaticParametersInterceptor.intercept(StaticParametersInterceptor.java:179)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.FileUploadInterceptor.intercept(FileUploadInterceptor.java:235)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ModelDrivenInterceptor.java:89)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ChainingInterceptor.intercept(ChainingInterceptor.java:126)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.PrepareInterceptor.doIntercept(PrepareInterceptor.java:138)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:87)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletConfigInterceptor.intercept(ServletConfigInterceptor.java:164)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:195)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:87)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.MultiselectInterceptor.intercept(MultiselectInterceptor.java:75)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CheckboxInterceptor.intercept(CheckboxInterceptor.java:94)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.I18nInterceptor.intercept(I18nInterceptor.java:165)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor.intercept(AliasInterceptor.java:179)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ExceptionMappingInterceptor.intercept(ExceptionMappingInterceptor.java:176)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at com.suning.aas.common.web.interceptor.ActionAccessTimeInterceptor.intercept(ActionAccessTimeInterceptor.java:96)
  at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:237)
  at org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.execute(StrutsActionProxy.java:52)
  at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:488)
  at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77)
  at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:91)
  at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.FilterInstanceWrapper.doFilter(FilterInstanceWrapper.java:188)
  at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterChain.doFilter(WebAppFilterChain.java:116)
  at com.suning.aas.portal.web.filer.AuthFilter.doFilter(AuthFilter.java:163)
  at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.FilterInstanceWrapper.doFilter(FilterInstanceWrapper.java:188)
  at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterChain.doFilter(WebAppFilterChain.java:116)
  at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:88)
  at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:76)
  at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.FilterInstanceWrapper.doFilter(FilterInstanceWrapper.java:188)
  at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterChain.doFilter(WebAppFilterChain.java:116)
  at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterChain._doFilter(WebAppFilterChain.java:77)
  at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterManager.doFilter(WebAppFilterManager.java:908)
  at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterManager.invokeFilters(WebAppFilterManager.java:997)
  at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.extension.DefaultExtensionProcessor.invokeFilters(DefaultExtensionProcessor.java:985)
  at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.extension.DefaultExtensionProcessor.handleRequest(DefaultExtensionProcessor.java:905)
  at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.webapp.WebApp.handleRequest(WebApp.java:3826)
  at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.webapp.WebGroup.handleRequest(WebGroup.java:276)
  at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.WebContainer.handleRequest(WebContainer.java:931)
  at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.WSWebContainer.handleRequest(WSWebContainer.java:1583)
  at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.channel.WCChannelLink.ready(WCChannelLink.java:186)
  at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.handleDiscrimination(HttpInboundLink.java:445)
  at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.handleNewRequest(HttpInboundLink.java:504)
  at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.processRequest(HttpInboundLink.java:301)
  at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpICLReadCallback.complete(HttpICLReadCallback.java:83)
  at com.ibm.ws.tcp.channel.impl.AioReadCompletionListener.futureCompleted(AioReadCompletionListener.java:165)
  at com.ibm.io.async.AbstractAsyncFuture.invokeCallback(AbstractAsyncFuture.java:217)
  at com.ibm.io.async.AsyncChannelFuture.fireCompletionActions(AsyncChannelFuture.java:161)
  at com.ibm.io.async.AsyncFuture.completed(AsyncFuture.java:138)
  at com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler.complete(ResultHandler.java:204)
  at com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler.runEventProcessingLoop(ResultHandler.java:775)
  at com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler$2.run(ResultHandler.java:905)
  at com.ibm.ws.util.ThreadPool$Worker.run(ThreadPool.java:1563)


注意到，它一直从具体代码所在的函数到所用框架层的函数最后到web容器层等函数都走了一遍。




  形成敏感信息泄露的场景：如果开发者自己不去处理这个异常，最后默认会通过web容器暴露给用户，而这些异常信息都包含了应用所使用的组件名称等，对于攻击者来讲，增加了不少可利用的信息，导致敏感信息泄露。


乌云案例：WooYun: 苏宁易购某站异常信息未屏蔽导致众多敏感信息暴露！


乌云实际攻击利用案例（在重要一个环节中被利用到）：WooYun: 乐视网j2ee应用的安全问题！



  形成XSS的场景：与上面场景不同的地方有两个：

1、如果开发者自己处理了异常信息但还是向用户抛出（在实际开发中这情况还不少，还做个用户体验页面，让用户把这些异常信息反馈给管理员（当然，开发者本意是好的！）。）

2、带有用户输入而又未做XSS防御处理的数据输出（攻击者的恶意代码）。

  如图：







  当然，如果最后默认是交给容器处理输出，是不会有这问题，如图：







  乌云案例：WooYun: 迅雷一处成因很诡异的xss+服务器信息泄漏


  乌云案例（XSS部分）：http://www.wooyun.org/bugs/wooyun-2012-015544